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percona-toolkit/docs/user/pt-slave-restart.rst
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################
pt-slave-restart
################
.. highlight:: perl
****
NAME
****
pt-slave-restart - Watch and restart MySQL replication after errors.
********
SYNOPSIS
********
Usage: pt-slave-restart [OPTION...] [DSN]
pt-slave-restart watches one or more MySQL replication slaves for
errors, and tries to restart replication if it stops.
*****
RISKS
*****
The following section is included to inform users about the potential risks,
whether known or unknown, of using this tool. The two main categories of risks
are those created by the nature of the tool (e.g. read-only tools vs. read-write
tools) and those created by bugs.
pt-slave-restart is a brute-force way to try to keep a slave server running when
it is having problems with replication. Don't be too hasty to use it unless you
need to. If you use this tool carelessly, you might miss the chance to really
solve the slave server's problems.
At the time of this release there is a bug that causes an invalid
\ ``CHANGE MASTER TO``\ statement to be executed.
The authoritative source for updated information is always the online issue
tracking system. Issues that affect this tool will be marked as such. You can
see a list of such issues at the following URL:
`http://www.percona.com/bugs/pt-slave-restart <http://www.percona.com/bugs/pt-slave-restart>`_.
See also "BUGS" for more information on filing bugs and getting help.
***********
DESCRIPTION
***********
pt-slave-restart watches one or more MySQL replication slaves and tries to skip
statements that cause errors. It polls slaves intelligently with an
exponentially varying sleep time. You can specify errors to skip and run the
slaves until a certain binlog position.
Note: it has come to my attention that Yahoo! had or has an internal tool
called fix_repl, described to me by a past Yahoo! employee and mentioned in
the first edition of High Performance MySQL. Apparently this tool does the
same thing. Make no mistake, though: this is not a way to "fix replication."
In fact I would not even encourage its use on a regular basis; I use it only
when I have an error I know I just need to skip past.
******
OUTPUT
******
If you specify "--verbose", pt-slave-restart prints a line every time it sees
the slave has an error. See "--verbose" for details.
*****
SLEEP
*****
pt-slave-restart sleeps intelligently between polling the slave. The current
sleep time varies.
\*
The initial sleep time is given by "--sleep".
\*
If it checks and finds an error, it halves the previous sleep time.
\*
If it finds no error, it doubles the previous sleep time.
\*
The sleep time is bounded below by "--min-sleep" and above by
"--max-sleep".
\*
Immediately after finding an error, pt-slave-restart assumes another error is
very likely to happen next, so it sleeps the current sleep time or the initial
sleep time, whichever is less.
***********
EXIT STATUS
***********
An exit status of 0 (sometimes also called a return value or return code)
indicates success. Any other value represents the exit status of the Perl
process itself, or of the last forked process that exited if there were multiple
servers to monitor.
*************
COMPATIBILITY
*************
pt-slave-restart should work on many versions of MySQL. Lettercase of many
output columns from SHOW SLAVE STATUS has changed over time, so it treats them
all as lowercase.
*******
OPTIONS
*******
This tool accepts additional command-line arguments. Refer to the
"SYNOPSIS" and usage information for details.
--always
Start slaves even when there is no error. With this option enabled,
pt-slave-restart will not let you stop the slave manually if you want to!
--ask-pass
Prompt for a password when connecting to MySQL.
--charset
short form: -A; type: string
Default character set. If the value is utf8, sets Perl's binmode on
STDOUT to utf8, passes the mysql_enable_utf8 option to DBD::mysql, and
runs SET NAMES UTF8 after connecting to MySQL. Any other value sets
binmode on STDOUT without the utf8 layer, and runs SET NAMES after
connecting to MySQL.
--[no]check-relay-log
default: yes
Check the last relay log file and position before checking for slave errors.
By default pt-slave-restart will not doing anything (it will just sleep)
if neither the relay log file nor the relay log position have changed since
the last check. This prevents infinite loops (i.e. restarting the same
error in the same relay log file at the same relay log position).
For certain slave errors, however, this check needs to be disabled by
specifying \ ``--no-check-relay-log``\ . Do not do this unless you know what
you are doing!
--config
type: Array
Read this comma-separated list of config files; if specified, this must be the
first option on the command line.
--daemonize
Fork to the background and detach from the shell. POSIX
operating systems only.
--database
short form: -D; type: string
Database to use.
--defaults-file
short form: -F; type: string
Only read mysql options from the given file. You must give an absolute
pathname.
--error-length
type: int
Max length of error message to print. When "--verbose" is set high enough to
print the error, this option will truncate the error text to the specified
length. This can be useful to prevent wrapping on the terminal.
--error-numbers
type: hash
Only restart this comma-separated list of errors. Makes pt-slave-restart only
try to restart if the error number is in this comma-separated list of errors.
If it sees an error not in the list, it will exit.
The error number is in the \ ``last_errno``\ column of \ ``SHOW SLAVE STATUS``\ .
--error-text
type: string
Only restart errors that match this pattern. A Perl regular expression against
which the error text, if any, is matched. If the error text exists and matches,
pt-slave-restart will try to restart the slave. If it exists but doesn't match,
pt-slave-restart will exit.
The error text is in the \ ``last_error``\ column of \ ``SHOW SLAVE STATUS``\ .
--help
Show help and exit.
--host
short form: -h; type: string
Connect to host.
--log
type: string
Print all output to this file when daemonized.
--max-sleep
type: float; default: 64
Maximum sleep seconds.
The maximum time pt-slave-restart will sleep before polling the slave again.
This is also the time that pt-slave-restart will wait for all other running
instances to quit if both "--stop" and "--monitor" are specified.
See "SLEEP".
--min-sleep
type: float; default: 0.015625
The minimum time pt-slave-restart will sleep before polling the slave again.
See "SLEEP".
--monitor
Whether to monitor the slave (default). Unless you specify --monitor
explicitly, "--stop" will disable it.
--password
short form: -p; type: string
Password to use when connecting.
--pid
type: string
Create the given PID file when daemonized. The file contains the process
ID of the daemonized instance. The PID file is removed when the
daemonized instance exits. The program checks for the existence of the
PID file when starting; if it exists and the process with the matching PID
exists, the program exits.
--port
short form: -P; type: int
Port number to use for connection.
--quiet
short form: -q
Suppresses normal output (disables "--verbose").
--recurse
type: int; default: 0
Watch slaves of the specified server, up to the specified number of servers deep
in the hierarchy. The default depth of 0 means "just watch the slave
specified."
pt-slave-restart examines \ ``SHOW PROCESSLIST``\ and tries to determine which
connections are from slaves, then connect to them. See "--recursion-method".
Recursion works by finding all slaves when the program starts, then watching
them. If there is more than one slave, \ ``pt-slave-restart``\ uses \ ``fork()``\ to
monitor them.
This also works if you have configured your slaves to show up in \ ``SHOW SLAVE
HOSTS``\ . The minimal configuration for this is the \ ``report_host``\ parameter, but
there are other "report" parameters as well for the port, username, and
password.
--recursion-method
type: string
Preferred recursion method used to find slaves.
Possible methods are:
.. code-block:: perl
METHOD USES
=========== ================
processlist SHOW PROCESSLIST
hosts SHOW SLAVE HOSTS
The processlist method is preferred because SHOW SLAVE HOSTS is not reliable.
However, the hosts method is required if the server uses a non-standard
port (not 3306). Usually pt-slave-restart does the right thing and finds
the slaves, but you may give a preferred method and it will be used first.
If it doesn't find any slaves, the other methods will be tried.
--run-time
type: time
Time to run before exiting. Causes pt-slave-restart to stop after the specified
time has elapsed. Optional suffix: s=seconds, m=minutes, h=hours, d=days; if no
suffix, s is used.
--sentinel
type: string; default: /tmp/pt-slave-restart-sentinel
Exit if this file exists.
--set-vars
type: string; default: wait_timeout=10000
Set these MySQL variables. Immediately after connecting to MySQL, this string
will be appended to SET and executed.
--skip-count
type: int; default: 1
Number of statements to skip when restarting the slave.
--sleep
type: int; default: 1
Initial sleep seconds between checking the slave.
See "SLEEP".
--socket
short form: -S; type: string
Socket file to use for connection.
--stop
Stop running instances by creating the sentinel file.
Causes \ ``pt-slave-restart``\ to create the sentinel file specified by
"--sentinel". This should have the effect of stopping all running
instances which are watching the same sentinel file. If "--monitor" isn't
specified, \ ``pt-slave-restart``\ will exit after creating the file. If it is
specified, \ ``pt-slave-restart``\ will wait the interval given by
"--max-sleep", then remove the file and continue working.
You might find this handy to stop cron jobs gracefully if necessary, or to
replace one running instance with another. For example, if you want to stop
and restart \ ``pt-slave-restart``\ every hour (just to make sure that it is
restarted every hour, in case of a server crash or some other problem), you
could use a \ ``crontab``\ line like this:
.. code-block:: perl
0 * * * * pt-slave-restart --monitor --stop --sentinel /tmp/pt-slave-restartup
The non-default "--sentinel" will make sure the hourly \ ``cron``\ job stops
only instances previously started with the same options (that is, from the
same \ ``cron``\ job).
See also "--sentinel".
--until-master
type: string
Run until this master log file and position. Start the slave, and retry if it
fails, until it reaches the given replication coordinates. The coordinates are
the logfile and position on the master, given by relay_master_log_file,
exec_master_log_pos. The argument must be in the format "file,pos". Separate
the filename and position with a single comma and no space.
This will also cause an UNTIL clause to be given to START SLAVE.
After reaching this point, the slave should be stopped and pt-slave-restart
will exit.
--until-relay
type: string
Run until this relay log file and position. Like "--until-master", but in
the slave's relay logs instead. The coordinates are given by relay_log_file,
relay_log_pos.
--user
short form: -u; type: string
User for login if not current user.
--verbose
short form: -v; cumulative: yes; default: 1
Be verbose; can specify multiple times. Verbosity 1 outputs connection
information, a timestamp, relay_log_file, relay_log_pos, and last_errno.
Verbosity 2 adds last_error. See also "--error-length". Verbosity 3 prints
the current sleep time each time pt-slave-restart sleeps.
--version
Show version and exit.
***********
DSN OPTIONS
***********
These DSN options are used to create a DSN. Each option is given like
\ ``option=value``\ . The options are case-sensitive, so P and p are not the
same option. There cannot be whitespace before or after the \ ``=``\ and
if the value contains whitespace it must be quoted. DSN options are
comma-separated. See the percona-toolkit manpage for full details.
\* A
dsn: charset; copy: yes
Default character set.
\* D
dsn: database; copy: yes
Default database.
\* F
dsn: mysql_read_default_file; copy: yes
Only read default options from the given file
\* h
dsn: host; copy: yes
Connect to host.
\* p
dsn: password; copy: yes
Password to use when connecting.
\* P
dsn: port; copy: yes
Port number to use for connection.
\* S
dsn: mysql_socket; copy: yes
Socket file to use for connection.
\* u
dsn: user; copy: yes
User for login if not current user.
***********
ENVIRONMENT
***********
The environment variable \ ``PTDEBUG``\ enables verbose debugging output to STDERR.
To enable debugging and capture all output to a file, run the tool like:
.. code-block:: perl
PTDEBUG=1 pt-slave-restart ... > FILE 2>&1
Be careful: debugging output is voluminous and can generate several megabytes
of output.
*******************
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
*******************
You need Perl, DBI, DBD::mysql, and some core packages that ought to be
installed in any reasonably new version of Perl.
****
BUGS
****
For a list of known bugs, see `http://www.percona.com/bugs/pt-slave-restart <http://www.percona.com/bugs/pt-slave-restart>`_.
Please report bugs at `https://bugs.launchpad.net/percona-toolkit <https://bugs.launchpad.net/percona-toolkit>`_.
Include the following information in your bug report:
\* Complete command-line used to run the tool
\* Tool "--version"
\* MySQL version of all servers involved
\* Output from the tool including STDERR
\* Input files (log/dump/config files, etc.)
If possible, include debugging output by running the tool with \ ``PTDEBUG``\ ;
see "ENVIRONMENT".
***********
DOWNLOADING
***********
Visit `http://www.percona.com/software/percona-toolkit/ <http://www.percona.com/software/percona-toolkit/>`_ to download the
latest release of Percona Toolkit. Or, get the latest release from the
command line:
.. code-block:: perl
wget percona.com/get/percona-toolkit.tar.gz
wget percona.com/get/percona-toolkit.rpm
wget percona.com/get/percona-toolkit.deb
You can also get individual tools from the latest release:
.. code-block:: perl
wget percona.com/get/TOOL
Replace \ ``TOOL``\ with the name of any tool.
*******
AUTHORS
*******
Baron Schwartz
*********************
ABOUT PERCONA TOOLKIT
*********************
This tool is part of Percona Toolkit, a collection of advanced command-line
tools developed by Percona for MySQL support and consulting. Percona Toolkit
was forked from two projects in June, 2011: Maatkit and Aspersa. Those
projects were created by Baron Schwartz and developed primarily by him and
Daniel Nichter, both of whom are employed by Percona. Visit
`http://www.percona.com/software/ <http://www.percona.com/software/>`_ for more software developed by Percona.
********************************
COPYRIGHT, LICENSE, AND WARRANTY
********************************
This program is copyright 2007-2011 Baron Schwartz, 2011 Percona Inc.
Feedback and improvements are welcome.
THIS PROGRAM IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation, version 2; OR the Perl Artistic License. On UNIX and similar
systems, you can issue \`man perlgpl' or \`man perlartistic' to read these
licenses.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA.
*******
VERSION
*******
pt-slave-restart 1.0.1
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